Phonetic Inventory of the Genç Zazaki Recordings

This is a phone-level inventory of the currently reviewed Genç recordings in the Genç wordset. It is a descriptive inventory of the dataset, not a claim that every listed phone is contrastive in the language.

The inventory excludes recordings whose IPA still needs review in the current working data. Rows missing current orthography or IPA are also excluded, as are rows whose IPA still contains mixed practical-orthography symbols, parser artifacts, or word-initial/word-final double rr orthography that should be manually reviewed.

Dataset basis: 5178 Genç recordings in the export; 2361 recordings included in this inventory; 2817 recordings excluded from the inventory subset. The counts below are the number of occurrences of each segment in the included IPA transcriptions. Generated 2026-05-05 14:16 UTC.

Transcription policy applied here: all coronal stop phones in the current inventory are treated as dental. The reduced labialization-series coarticulated stop is represented as t̪͡p; extra-short bilabial-trill variants are not treated as separate inventory symbols in this draft. Modifier order is normalized to forms such as kʷʰ, t̪ʲʰ, and t̪ʷʰ. Stress marks, punctuation, and word boundaries are not counted as phonetic segments.

Vowels

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[a]	3690	Reproducir audioÇwa ˈt̪͡ʃʷaReproducir audioVay vajReproducir audioAşm aʃm̥
[o]	1395	Reproducir audioGow gowReproducir audioŞow ʃowReproducir audioDow d̪ow
[e]	1307	Reproducir audioê eReproducir audioÊr eɾReproducir audioŞêy ʃej
[ɛ]	1096	Reproducir audioWel wɛlReproducir audioSer sɛɾReproducir audioKek c͡çɛkʰ
[ɨ]	951	Reproducir audioQwım qʷʰɨmReproducir audioMıx mɨχReproducir audioŞıq ʃɨqʰ
[i]	845	Reproducir audioKwi kʷʰiReproducir audioMwi mʷiReproducir audio‘Lwi ɭʷi
[u]	708	Reproducir audioCûm d̪͡ʒumReproducir audioŞûm ʃumReproducir audioDwûm d̪͡bum
[ɪ]	620	Reproducir audioDı d̪ɪReproducir audioKwe kʷʰɪReproducir audioDwe d̪͡ʙɪ
[æ]	410	Reproducir audioQwâx qʷʰæχReproducir audio‘Âm ʕæmReproducir audioFâk fækʰ
[ɨ̯]	22	Reproducir audioPırase pʰɨ̯ɾasɪReproducir audioGırıgıl gɨɾɨ̯gɨlReproducir audioGırıgil gɨɾɨ̯gil
[ɨ̆]	19	Reproducir audioSûng sʷɨ̆ŋgReproducir audioQırakêr qʰɨ̆ɾac͡çeɾReproducir audiotıraxtış t̪ʰɨ̆ɾaχt̪ʰøɾ̥
[aː]	10	Reproducir audioAdır aːd̪ɨɾ̥Reproducir audioRar dow raːɾ d̪owReproducir audioRar lıngû raːɾ lɨŋgu
[y]	8	Reproducir audioBınê ra nişen otobys bɨne ɾa nɪʃɛn ot̪ʰobysReproducir audioGwazû kên sêr sytlacir gʷazu kʰen seɾ syt̪ʰlad̪͡ʒiɾReproducir audioÊy çylê hê vêyşên. ej t̪͡ʃyle he vejʃen
[eʲ]	5	Reproducir audioQêyf keri qʰeʲf ˈc͡çɛɾiReproducir audioÊya zamwıra. eʲa zamʷɨɾaReproducir audioÊyi qâz bı’hiki. ˈeʲi qʰæz bɨˈħic͡çi
[i̯]	4	Reproducir audioĞele sya ʁɛlɪ si̯jaReproducir audioIn yo çatio. ɨn jo t̪͡ʃat̪ʰi̯o̟Reproducir audioÊyi ğele syay. eji ʁɛlɪ si̯jaj
[æː]	3	Reproducir audioOw yo râr dowo. ow jo ræːɾ d̪owoReproducir audioOw yo râr câ’htio. ow jo ræːɾ d̪͡ʒæħt̪ʰioReproducir audioRâr câ’hti ho ça da? ræːɾ d̪͡ʒæħt̪ʰi ho t̪͡ʃad̪a
[ø]	3	Reproducir audiotıraxtış t̪ʰɨ̆ɾaχt̪ʰøɾ̥Reproducir audioêya yo tıraxtıra eja jo t̪ʰɨ̆ɾaχt̪ʰøɾaReproducir audiotıraxtır ha ça da t̪ʰɨ̆ɾaχt̪ʰøɾ ha t̪͡ʃad̪a
[ũ]	3	Reproducir audioMunga mũŋgaReproducir audioIna yo mungawa. ɨna jo mũŋgawaReproducir audioMunga ha ça da? mũŋga ha t̪͡ʃad̪a
[ɛː]	3	Reproducir audioÇerdek qa’hwi t̪͡ʃɛːɹd̪ɛc͡ç qʰaħʷiReproducir audioÊyi çerdek qa’hwûnê. eji t̪͡ʃɛːɹd̪ɛc͡ç qʰaħʷuneReproducir audioÇerdek qa’hwi hê ça da? t̪͡ʃɛːɹd̪ɛc͡ç qʰaħʷi he t̪͡ʃad̪a
[o̟]	2	Reproducir audioIn yo çatio. ɨn jo t̪͡ʃat̪ʰi̯o̟Reproducir audioOw yo bıroqolio. ow jo bɨ̯ɾoqʰolio̟

Labialization-Series Coarticulates

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[t̪͡p]	34	Reproducir audioTwale t̪͡palɪReproducir audioTwızbê t̪͡pɨzbeReproducir audiotwıtın t̪͡pɨt̪ʰɨn
[d̪͡b]	14	Reproducir audioDwûm d̪͡bumReproducir audioDwyes d̪͡bijɛsReproducir audioDweşeg d̪͡bɛʃɛg
[t̪͡ʙ̥]	9	Reproducir audioTwik t̪͡ʙ̥ic͡çReproducir audioTwışk t̪͡ʙ̥ɨʃkʰReproducir audioTwap gen t̪͡ʙ̥apʰ gɛn
[d̪͡ʙ]	4	Reproducir audioDwe d̪͡ʙɪReproducir audioDwımûn d̪͡ʙɨmunReproducir audioOw yo dwımûn. ow jo d̪͡ʙɨmun
[d̪͡ʙʲ]	2	Reproducir audioDwyaw d̪͡ʙʲawReproducir audioDwyaw ho ça da? d̪͡ʙʲaw ho ˈt̪͡ʃad̪a

Affricates And Other Tied Consonants

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[t̪͡ʃ]	809	Reproducir audioÇir t̪͡ʃiɾReproducir audioÇim t̪͡ʃɪmReproducir audioÇay t̪͡ʃaj
[d̪͡ʒ]	353	Reproducir audioCûm d̪͡ʒumReproducir audioLac lad̪͡ʒReproducir audioTic t̪ʰid̪͡ʒ
[c͡ç]	175	Reproducir audioKek c͡çɛkʰReproducir audioKel c͡çɛlReproducir audioKyê c͡çje
[d̪͡ʒʷ]	3	Reproducir audioMêrcwi meɹd̪͡ʒʷiReproducir audioÊya mêrcwya. eja meɹd̪͡ʒʷijaReproducir audioMêrcwi ha ça da? meɹd̪͡ʒʷi ha t̪͡ʃad̪a
[t̪͡ʃʷ]	3	Reproducir audioÇwa ˈt̪͡ʃʷaReproducir audioÇwıli t̪͡ʃʷɨliReproducir audioÊya yo çwawa. ˈeja jo ˈt̪͡ʃʷawa

Secondary-Articulation Consonants

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[mʷ]	82	Reproducir audioMwi mʷiReproducir audioMwiz mʷɪzReproducir audioMwış mʷɨʃ
[gʷ]	68	Reproducir audioGwin gʷinReproducir audioGwel gʷɛlReproducir audioGwêş gʷeʃ
[kʷʰ]	49	Reproducir audioKwi kʷʰiReproducir audioKwe kʷʰɪReproducir audioKwel kʷʰɛl
[qʷʰ]	42	Reproducir audioQwım qʷʰɨmReproducir audioQwâx qʷʰæχReproducir audioQwal qʷʰal
[χʷ]	33	Reproducir audioXwaz χʷazReproducir audioAxwır aχʷɨɾReproducir audioXwı qêdna χʷɨ qʰed̪na
[ʃʷ]	22	Reproducir audioŞwışe ʃʷɨʃɪReproducir audioXâli şwên χæli ʃʷenReproducir audioŞwışê çay ʃʷɨʃe t̪͡ʃaj
[bʷ]	20	Reproducir audioBwez bʷɛzReproducir audioBweç bʷɛt̪͡ʃReproducir audioBweç bʷɛt̪͡ʃ
[pʷʰ]	20	Reproducir audioPwel pʷʰɛlReproducir audioPwer pʷʰɛɾReproducir audioPwıne pʷʰɨnɪ
[sʷ]	20	Reproducir audioSwır sʷɨɾ̥Reproducir audioSwal sʷalReproducir audioSwâte sʷæt̪ʰɪ
[ɭʷ]	10	Reproducir audio‘Lwi ɭʷiReproducir audio‘Lwecin ɭʷɛd̪͡ʒɪnReproducir audio‘Lwâq’lê ɭʷæqʰɭe
[pʰʲ]	8	Reproducir audioPyûnz pʰʲunzReproducir audioPyûnz tâze pʰʲunz t̪ʰæzɪReproducir audioCinyek ‘hılik pyeşt xwa. d̪͡ʒiɲɛkʰ ħɨlɪkʰ pʰʲɛʃt̪ʰ χʷa
[rʷ]	7	Reproducir audioRwec baş rʷɛd̪͡ʒ baʃReproducir audioTwap nûn rwe t̪͡ʙ̥apʰ nun rʷɪReproducir audioYo kerrawo yo çiçego yow rwewê jo c͡çɛrawo jo t̪͡ʃit̪͡ʃɛgo jow rʷɛwe
[ɾʷ]	7	Reproducir audioNûn rwe nun ɾʷɪReproducir audioHirı rwec vêr hiɾɨ ɾʷɛd̪͡ʒ veɾReproducir audioHirı rwec vêr pê hiɾɨ ɾʷɛd̪͡ʒ veɾ pʰe
[qʷ]	4	Reproducir audioQwapiç çaqû qʷapʰit̪͡ʃ t̪͡ʃaqʰuReproducir audioQweter ha ça da? qʷɛt̪ʰɛɾ ha t̪͡ʃad̪aReproducir audioQwâxê kergû ha ça da? qʷæχe c͡çɛɾgu ha t̪͡ʃad̪a
[t̪ʲʰ]	4	Reproducir audioTyow dayiş t̪ʲʰow d̪ajɪʃReproducir audioÊya yo cinya axtyara. eja jo d̪͡ʒinija aχt̪ʲʰaɾaReproducir audioHo tyo dûn. ho t̪ʲʰo d̪un
[ɢʷ]	4	Reproducir audioGwırâbi ɢʷɨɾæbiReproducir audioÊyi gwırebi. eji ɢʷɨɾɛbiReproducir audioÊyi dâ ‘hâb gwırâbi. eji d̪æ ħæb ɢʷɨɾæbi
[lʲ]	3	Reproducir audioFaslyê wişk faslʲe wɪʃkʰReproducir audioÊyi faslyê wişkê. eji faslʲe wɪʃk̟ʰeReproducir audioFaslyê wişk hê ça da? faslʲe wɪʃkʰ he t̪͡ʃad̪a
[zʷ]	3	Reproducir audioBi zwa bɨ zʷaReproducir audioOw gıcık zwaw. ow gɨd̪͡ʒɨkʰ zʷawReproducir audioKûm ha pê pwêla fıraqû kena zwa? kʰum ha pʰe pʷʰela fɨɾaqʰu kʰɛna zʷa

Aspirated Consonants

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[kʰ]	627	Reproducir audioKek c͡çɛkʰReproducir audioNak nakʰReproducir audioKûm kʰum
[t̪ʰ]	511	Reproducir audioTûm t̪ʰumReproducir audioTic t̪ʰid̪͡ʒReproducir audioTas t̪ʰas
[qʰ]	284	Reproducir audioŞıq ʃɨqʰReproducir audioQaz qʰazReproducir audioQıl qʰɨl
[pʰ]	234	Reproducir audioApo apʰoReproducir audioPir pʰiɾReproducir audioPel pʰɛl
[cʰ]	20	Reproducir audioKepek c͡çɛpʰɛcʰReproducir audio‘Gaz ken ɢaz cʰɛnReproducir audioKena cir cʰɛna d̪͡ʒiɾ

Stops

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[d̪]	1056	Reproducir audioDı d̪ɪReproducir audioDow d̪owReproducir audioDar d̪aɾ
[b]	354	Reproducir audioBer bɛɾReproducir audioQıb qʰɨbReproducir audioBız bɨz
[g]	254	Reproducir audioGow gowReproducir audioIpeg ipʰɛgReproducir audioGera gɛɾa
[t̪]	42	Reproducir audioGışta pil gɨʃt̪a pʰilReproducir audioIswat dwalmû isʷat̪ d̪͡balmuReproducir audioBât taştarê bæt̪ t̪ʰaʃt̪ʰaɾe
[k]	24	Reproducir audioEskic ɛskid̪͡ʒReproducir audioQalik qʰalɪkReproducir audioTenik t̪ʰɛnɪk
[p]	16	Reproducir audioCips d̪͡ʒipsReproducir audioWird pya wiɹd̪ pjaReproducir audio‘Hep’hebek ħɛpħɛˈbɛkʰ
[ɟ]	6	Reproducir audioGena ɟɛnaReproducir audioŞeşgen ʃɛʃɟɛnReproducir audioOw yo gê cındûwo. ow jo ɟe d̪͡ʒɨnd̪uwo

Fricatives

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[s]	516	Reproducir audioSer sɛɾReproducir audioDâs d̪æsReproducir audioSel sɛl
[ʃ]	345	Reproducir audioŞêy ʃejReproducir audioAşm aʃm̥Reproducir audioŞow ʃow
[z]	274	Reproducir audioMwiz mʷɪzReproducir audioLêz lezReproducir audioQaz qʰaz
[v]	156	Reproducir audioVay vajReproducir audioVêw vewReproducir audioVêw vew
[χ]	138	Reproducir audioQwâx qʷʰæχReproducir audioMıx mɨχReproducir audioXal χal
[f]	133	Reproducir audioFâk fækʰReproducir audioKıft kʰɨft̪ʰReproducir audioHâfte hæft̪ʰɪ
[ʁ]	28	Reproducir audioAğa aʁaReproducir audioQûği qʰuʁiReproducir audioĞele ʁɛlɪ
[ʒ]	11	Reproducir audioDije d̪ɪʒɪReproducir audioBıza bêji bɨza beʒiReproducir audioFistix kajû fɪst̪ʰɪχ kʰaʒu

Nasals

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[n]	1141	Reproducir audioGwin gʷinReproducir audioNim nimReproducir audioNak nakʰ
[m]	743	Reproducir audioCûm d̪͡ʒumReproducir audioQwım qʷʰɨmReproducir audioMêr meɾ
[ŋ]	69	Reproducir audioLing lɪŋgReproducir audioSûng sʷɨ̆ŋgReproducir audioMunga mũŋga
[ɲ]	40	Reproducir audioNyûn ɲunReproducir audioNyûne ɲunɪReproducir audionyûne ɲunɪ
[m̥]	4	Reproducir audioAşm aʃm̥Reproducir audioAşm aʃm̥Reproducir audioIna aşm ɨna aʃm̥

Rhotics, Laterals, And Glides

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[j]	1329	Reproducir audioŞêy ʃejReproducir audioVay vajReproducir audioKyê c͡çje
[ɾ]	917	Reproducir audioÊr eɾReproducir audioMêr meɾReproducir audioSer sɛɾ
[l]	647	Reproducir audioWel wɛlReproducir audioKel c͡çɛlReproducir audioXal χal
[w]	620	Reproducir audioWel wɛlReproducir audioGow gowReproducir audioŞow ʃow
[r]	225	Reproducir audioRy rijReproducir audioRwe rwɛReproducir audioRûn run
[ɹ]	142	Reproducir audioHard haɹd̪Reproducir audio‘Ârd ʡæɹd̪Reproducir audioKarm kʰaɹm
[ɾ̥]	15	Reproducir audioŞer ʃɛɾ̥Reproducir audioSwır sʷɨɾ̥Reproducir audioPir pʰiɾ̥
[ɫ]	3	Reproducir audioMala maɫaReproducir audioSwûle sʷuɫɪReproducir audioQaryolê qıcû ho ça da? qʰaɾjoɫe qʰɨd̪͡ʒu ho t̪͡ʃad̪a

Laryngeal And Pharyngeal Phones

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[h]	924	Reproducir audioHer hɛɾReproducir audioHâlm hælmReproducir audioHâle hælɪ
[ħ]	122	Reproducir audio‘Heş ħɛʃReproducir audioNâ’hê næħeReproducir audio‘hani ħani
[ʔ]	47	Reproducir audioEleg ʔælɛgReproducir audioÂsim ʔæsimReproducir audioEste ʔæst̪ʰɛ
[ʕ]	38	Reproducir audio‘Âm ʕæmReproducir audioSâ’ât sæʕæt̪ʰReproducir audio‘Umwin ʕʊmʷɪn
[ħʷ]	6	Reproducir audio‘Hwırmê ħʷɨɾmeReproducir audioÇerdek qa’hwi t̪͡ʃɛːɹd̪ɛc͡ç qʰaħʷiReproducir audioÊyi ‘hwırmê. eji ħʷɨɾme
[ʡ]	3	Reproducir audio‘Ârd ʡæɹd̪Reproducir audioÊyi ‘ârd. eji ʡæɹd̪Reproducir audio‘Ârd hê ça da? ʡæɹd̪ he t̪͡ʃad̪a

Other Phones

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[ɢ]	8	Reproducir audio‘Gaz ken ɢaz cʰɛnReproducir audio‘Gılboçik ɢɨlbot̪͡ʃɪkʰReproducir audio‘Gâz qic vecena ɢæz qʰid̪͡ʒ vɛd̪͡ʒɛna
[ɭ]	3	Reproducir audio‘Lwâq’lê ɭʷæqʰɭeReproducir audioQef’lyayo qʰɛfɭijajoReproducir audioOw mwârik qef’lyayo. ow mʷæɾɪkʰ qʰɛfɭijajo
[ʎ]	3	Reproducir audiokarlova qʰaɹʎovaReproducir audioXwezleyir χʷɛzʎɛjɪɾReproducir audioma êya wilayet ra vûn qarlova ma eja wilajet̪ʰ ɾa vun qʰaɹʎova
[ʜ]	3	Reproducir audioBû’hik ‘hâmûmû buˈʜikʰ ˈħæmumuReproducir audioBı’hûk pılxın bɨˈʜukʰ pʰɨlˈχɨnReproducir audioBû’hik ‘hâmûmû ho ça da? buˈʜikʰ ˈħæmumu ho ˈt̪͡ʃad̪a

Outlier Phones With One Included Occurrence

These phones occur only once in the reviewed inventory subset. They are listed separately so that rare loanword phones, narrow allophones, and possible residual transcription issues do not visually dominate the core inventory.

Phone	Group	Example
[eː]	Vowels	Reproducir audioÊyi baqlê barbûnyê. eji baqʰle baɹbuɲeː
[iʲ]	Vowels	Reproducir audioÊyi siyêmin. eji siʲemin
[o̝]	Vowels	Reproducir audioOw yo yego. ow jo jɛgo̝
[u̥]	Vowels	Reproducir audioPrânsû? pʰɾænsu̥
[ʊ]	Vowels	Reproducir audio‘Umwin ʕʊmʷɪn
[d̪͡bʲ]	Labialization-Series Coarticulates	Reproducir audioOw yo dwyaw. ow jo d̪͡bʲaw
[b̞̆ʷ]	Secondary-Articulation Consonants	Reproducir audioBwım b̞̆ʷɨm
[d̪ʷ]	Secondary-Articulation Consonants	Reproducir audiokerawa dwız ha kûm yo resım da c͡çɛrawa d̪ʷɨz ha kʰum jo rɛsɨm d̪a
[nʲ]	Secondary-Articulation Consonants	Reproducir audioHûnyen hewrû ra hunʲɛn hɛwɾu ɾa
[pʲʰ]	Secondary-Articulation Consonants	Reproducir audioOw ho pyûnz ken wırde. ow ho pʲʰunz cʰɛn wɨɾd̪ɪ
[pʷ]	Secondary-Articulation Consonants	Reproducir audioPwıdrê qwıcû ha ça da? pʷɨd̪ɾe qʷɨd̪ʒu ha t̪͡ʃad̪a
[sʲ]	Secondary-Articulation Consonants	Reproducir audioKerga syê ˈc͡çɛɾga sʲe
[t̪ʷʰ]	Secondary-Articulation Consonants	Reproducir audioTâxtw ho ça da? t̪ʰæχt̪ʷʰ ho ˈt̪͡ʃad̪a
[zʲ]	Secondary-Articulation Consonants	Reproducir audioGwavzyer ha ça da? gwavˈzʲɛɾ ha ˈt̪͡ʃad̪a
[k̟ʰ]	Aspirated Consonants	Reproducir audioÊyi faslyê wişkê. eji faslʲe wɪʃk̟ʰe
[sᵊ]	Fricatives	Reproducir audioSupiye sᵊpʰijɪ
[r̆]	Rhotics, Laterals, And Glides	Reproducir audioRʐezil r̆ʐɛˈzɪl
[ʐ]	Other Phones	Reproducir audioRʐezil r̆ʐɛˈzɪl

Open Questions

This inventory is intentionally phonetic. Further work is needed to decide which surface phones should be analyzed as independent phonemes, allophones, loanword-specific realizations, or transcription conventions. The main open questions are the phonemic status of the labialization-series coarticulates, the extent of aspiration in the reduced t̪͡p type, and how much of the vowel variation reflects the recorded speaker’s idiolect versus broader Genç patterns.