Phonetic Inventory of the Genç Zazaki Recordings

This is a phone-level inventory of the currently reviewed Genç recordings in the Genç wordset. It is a descriptive inventory of the dataset, not a claim that every listed phone is contrastive in the language.

The inventory excludes recordings whose IPA still needs review in the current working data. Rows missing current orthography or IPA are also excluded, as are rows whose IPA still contains mixed practical-orthography symbols, parser artifacts, or word-initial/word-final double rr orthography that should be manually reviewed.

Dataset basis: 5178 Genç recordings in the export; 2361 recordings included in this inventory; 2817 recordings excluded from the inventory subset. The counts below are the number of occurrences of each segment in the included IPA transcriptions. Generated 2026-05-05 14:16 UTC.

Transcription policy applied here: all coronal stop phones in the current inventory are treated as dental. The reduced labialization-series coarticulated stop is represented as t̪͡p; extra-short bilabial-trill variants are not treated as separate inventory symbols in this draft. Modifier order is normalized to forms such as kʷʰ, t̪ʲʰ, and t̪ʷʰ. Stress marks, punctuation, and word boundaries are not counted as phonetic segments.

Vowels

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[a]	3690	Riproduci l'audioÇwa ˈt̪͡ʃʷaRiproduci l'audioVay vajRiproduci l'audioAşm aʃm̥
[o]	1395	Riproduci l'audioGow gowRiproduci l'audioŞow ʃowRiproduci l'audioDow d̪ow
[e]	1307	Riproduci l'audioê eRiproduci l'audioÊr eɾRiproduci l'audioŞêy ʃej
[ɛ]	1096	Riproduci l'audioWel wɛlRiproduci l'audioSer sɛɾRiproduci l'audioKek c͡çɛkʰ
[ɨ]	951	Riproduci l'audioQwım qʷʰɨmRiproduci l'audioMıx mɨχRiproduci l'audioŞıq ʃɨqʰ
[i]	845	Riproduci l'audioKwi kʷʰiRiproduci l'audioMwi mʷiRiproduci l'audio‘Lwi ɭʷi
[u]	708	Riproduci l'audioCûm d̪͡ʒumRiproduci l'audioŞûm ʃumRiproduci l'audioDwûm d̪͡bum
[ɪ]	620	Riproduci l'audioDı d̪ɪRiproduci l'audioKwe kʷʰɪRiproduci l'audioDwe d̪͡ʙɪ
[æ]	410	Riproduci l'audioQwâx qʷʰæχRiproduci l'audio‘Âm ʕæmRiproduci l'audioFâk fækʰ
[ɨ̯]	22	Riproduci l'audioPırase pʰɨ̯ɾasɪRiproduci l'audioGırıgıl gɨɾɨ̯gɨlRiproduci l'audioGırıgil gɨɾɨ̯gil
[ɨ̆]	19	Riproduci l'audioSûng sʷɨ̆ŋgRiproduci l'audioQırakêr qʰɨ̆ɾac͡çeɾRiproduci l'audiotıraxtış t̪ʰɨ̆ɾaχt̪ʰøɾ̥
[aː]	10	Riproduci l'audioAdır aːd̪ɨɾ̥Riproduci l'audioRar dow raːɾ d̪owRiproduci l'audioRar lıngû raːɾ lɨŋgu
[y]	8	Riproduci l'audioBınê ra nişen otobys bɨne ɾa nɪʃɛn ot̪ʰobysRiproduci l'audioGwazû kên sêr sytlacir gʷazu kʰen seɾ syt̪ʰlad̪͡ʒiɾRiproduci l'audioÊy çylê hê vêyşên. ej t̪͡ʃyle he vejʃen
[eʲ]	5	Riproduci l'audioQêyf keri qʰeʲf ˈc͡çɛɾiRiproduci l'audioÊya zamwıra. eʲa zamʷɨɾaRiproduci l'audioÊyi qâz bı’hiki. ˈeʲi qʰæz bɨˈħic͡çi
[i̯]	4	Riproduci l'audioĞele sya ʁɛlɪ si̯jaRiproduci l'audioIn yo çatio. ɨn jo t̪͡ʃat̪ʰi̯o̟Riproduci l'audioÊyi ğele syay. eji ʁɛlɪ si̯jaj
[æː]	3	Riproduci l'audioOw yo râr dowo. ow jo ræːɾ d̪owoRiproduci l'audioOw yo râr câ’htio. ow jo ræːɾ d̪͡ʒæħt̪ʰioRiproduci l'audioRâr câ’hti ho ça da? ræːɾ d̪͡ʒæħt̪ʰi ho t̪͡ʃad̪a
[ø]	3	Riproduci l'audiotıraxtış t̪ʰɨ̆ɾaχt̪ʰøɾ̥Riproduci l'audioêya yo tıraxtıra eja jo t̪ʰɨ̆ɾaχt̪ʰøɾaRiproduci l'audiotıraxtır ha ça da t̪ʰɨ̆ɾaχt̪ʰøɾ ha t̪͡ʃad̪a
[ũ]	3	Riproduci l'audioMunga mũŋgaRiproduci l'audioIna yo mungawa. ɨna jo mũŋgawaRiproduci l'audioMunga ha ça da? mũŋga ha t̪͡ʃad̪a
[ɛː]	3	Riproduci l'audioÇerdek qa’hwi t̪͡ʃɛːɹd̪ɛc͡ç qʰaħʷiRiproduci l'audioÊyi çerdek qa’hwûnê. eji t̪͡ʃɛːɹd̪ɛc͡ç qʰaħʷuneRiproduci l'audioÇerdek qa’hwi hê ça da? t̪͡ʃɛːɹd̪ɛc͡ç qʰaħʷi he t̪͡ʃad̪a
[o̟]	2	Riproduci l'audioIn yo çatio. ɨn jo t̪͡ʃat̪ʰi̯o̟Riproduci l'audioOw yo bıroqolio. ow jo bɨ̯ɾoqʰolio̟

Labialization-Series Coarticulates

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[t̪͡p]	34	Riproduci l'audioTwale t̪͡palɪRiproduci l'audioTwızbê t̪͡pɨzbeRiproduci l'audiotwıtın t̪͡pɨt̪ʰɨn
[d̪͡b]	14	Riproduci l'audioDwûm d̪͡bumRiproduci l'audioDwyes d̪͡bijɛsRiproduci l'audioDweşeg d̪͡bɛʃɛg
[t̪͡ʙ̥]	9	Riproduci l'audioTwik t̪͡ʙ̥ic͡çRiproduci l'audioTwışk t̪͡ʙ̥ɨʃkʰRiproduci l'audioTwap gen t̪͡ʙ̥apʰ gɛn
[d̪͡ʙ]	4	Riproduci l'audioDwe d̪͡ʙɪRiproduci l'audioDwımûn d̪͡ʙɨmunRiproduci l'audioOw yo dwımûn. ow jo d̪͡ʙɨmun
[d̪͡ʙʲ]	2	Riproduci l'audioDwyaw d̪͡ʙʲawRiproduci l'audioDwyaw ho ça da? d̪͡ʙʲaw ho ˈt̪͡ʃad̪a

Affricates And Other Tied Consonants

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[t̪͡ʃ]	809	Riproduci l'audioÇir t̪͡ʃiɾRiproduci l'audioÇim t̪͡ʃɪmRiproduci l'audioÇay t̪͡ʃaj
[d̪͡ʒ]	353	Riproduci l'audioCûm d̪͡ʒumRiproduci l'audioLac lad̪͡ʒRiproduci l'audioTic t̪ʰid̪͡ʒ
[c͡ç]	175	Riproduci l'audioKek c͡çɛkʰRiproduci l'audioKel c͡çɛlRiproduci l'audioKyê c͡çje
[d̪͡ʒʷ]	3	Riproduci l'audioMêrcwi meɹd̪͡ʒʷiRiproduci l'audioÊya mêrcwya. eja meɹd̪͡ʒʷijaRiproduci l'audioMêrcwi ha ça da? meɹd̪͡ʒʷi ha t̪͡ʃad̪a
[t̪͡ʃʷ]	3	Riproduci l'audioÇwa ˈt̪͡ʃʷaRiproduci l'audioÇwıli t̪͡ʃʷɨliRiproduci l'audioÊya yo çwawa. ˈeja jo ˈt̪͡ʃʷawa

Secondary-Articulation Consonants

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[mʷ]	82	Riproduci l'audioMwi mʷiRiproduci l'audioMwiz mʷɪzRiproduci l'audioMwış mʷɨʃ
[gʷ]	68	Riproduci l'audioGwin gʷinRiproduci l'audioGwel gʷɛlRiproduci l'audioGwêş gʷeʃ
[kʷʰ]	49	Riproduci l'audioKwi kʷʰiRiproduci l'audioKwe kʷʰɪRiproduci l'audioKwel kʷʰɛl
[qʷʰ]	42	Riproduci l'audioQwım qʷʰɨmRiproduci l'audioQwâx qʷʰæχRiproduci l'audioQwal qʷʰal
[χʷ]	33	Riproduci l'audioXwaz χʷazRiproduci l'audioAxwır aχʷɨɾRiproduci l'audioXwı qêdna χʷɨ qʰed̪na
[ʃʷ]	22	Riproduci l'audioŞwışe ʃʷɨʃɪRiproduci l'audioXâli şwên χæli ʃʷenRiproduci l'audioŞwışê çay ʃʷɨʃe t̪͡ʃaj
[bʷ]	20	Riproduci l'audioBwez bʷɛzRiproduci l'audioBweç bʷɛt̪͡ʃRiproduci l'audioBweç bʷɛt̪͡ʃ
[pʷʰ]	20	Riproduci l'audioPwel pʷʰɛlRiproduci l'audioPwer pʷʰɛɾRiproduci l'audioPwıne pʷʰɨnɪ
[sʷ]	20	Riproduci l'audioSwır sʷɨɾ̥Riproduci l'audioSwal sʷalRiproduci l'audioSwâte sʷæt̪ʰɪ
[ɭʷ]	10	Riproduci l'audio‘Lwi ɭʷiRiproduci l'audio‘Lwecin ɭʷɛd̪͡ʒɪnRiproduci l'audio‘Lwâq’lê ɭʷæqʰɭe
[pʰʲ]	8	Riproduci l'audioPyûnz pʰʲunzRiproduci l'audioPyûnz tâze pʰʲunz t̪ʰæzɪRiproduci l'audioCinyek ‘hılik pyeşt xwa. d̪͡ʒiɲɛkʰ ħɨlɪkʰ pʰʲɛʃt̪ʰ χʷa
[rʷ]	7	Riproduci l'audioRwec baş rʷɛd̪͡ʒ baʃRiproduci l'audioTwap nûn rwe t̪͡ʙ̥apʰ nun rʷɪRiproduci l'audioYo kerrawo yo çiçego yow rwewê jo c͡çɛrawo jo t̪͡ʃit̪͡ʃɛgo jow rʷɛwe
[ɾʷ]	7	Riproduci l'audioNûn rwe nun ɾʷɪRiproduci l'audioHirı rwec vêr hiɾɨ ɾʷɛd̪͡ʒ veɾRiproduci l'audioHirı rwec vêr pê hiɾɨ ɾʷɛd̪͡ʒ veɾ pʰe
[qʷ]	4	Riproduci l'audioQwapiç çaqû qʷapʰit̪͡ʃ t̪͡ʃaqʰuRiproduci l'audioQweter ha ça da? qʷɛt̪ʰɛɾ ha t̪͡ʃad̪aRiproduci l'audioQwâxê kergû ha ça da? qʷæχe c͡çɛɾgu ha t̪͡ʃad̪a
[t̪ʲʰ]	4	Riproduci l'audioTyow dayiş t̪ʲʰow d̪ajɪʃRiproduci l'audioÊya yo cinya axtyara. eja jo d̪͡ʒinija aχt̪ʲʰaɾaRiproduci l'audioHo tyo dûn. ho t̪ʲʰo d̪un
[ɢʷ]	4	Riproduci l'audioGwırâbi ɢʷɨɾæbiRiproduci l'audioÊyi gwırebi. eji ɢʷɨɾɛbiRiproduci l'audioÊyi dâ ‘hâb gwırâbi. eji d̪æ ħæb ɢʷɨɾæbi
[lʲ]	3	Riproduci l'audioFaslyê wişk faslʲe wɪʃkʰRiproduci l'audioÊyi faslyê wişkê. eji faslʲe wɪʃk̟ʰeRiproduci l'audioFaslyê wişk hê ça da? faslʲe wɪʃkʰ he t̪͡ʃad̪a
[zʷ]	3	Riproduci l'audioBi zwa bɨ zʷaRiproduci l'audioOw gıcık zwaw. ow gɨd̪͡ʒɨkʰ zʷawRiproduci l'audioKûm ha pê pwêla fıraqû kena zwa? kʰum ha pʰe pʷʰela fɨɾaqʰu kʰɛna zʷa

Aspirated Consonants

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[kʰ]	627	Riproduci l'audioKek c͡çɛkʰRiproduci l'audioNak nakʰRiproduci l'audioKûm kʰum
[t̪ʰ]	511	Riproduci l'audioTûm t̪ʰumRiproduci l'audioTic t̪ʰid̪͡ʒRiproduci l'audioTas t̪ʰas
[qʰ]	284	Riproduci l'audioŞıq ʃɨqʰRiproduci l'audioQaz qʰazRiproduci l'audioQıl qʰɨl
[pʰ]	234	Riproduci l'audioApo apʰoRiproduci l'audioPir pʰiɾRiproduci l'audioPel pʰɛl
[cʰ]	20	Riproduci l'audioKepek c͡çɛpʰɛcʰRiproduci l'audio‘Gaz ken ɢaz cʰɛnRiproduci l'audioKena cir cʰɛna d̪͡ʒiɾ

Stops

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[d̪]	1056	Riproduci l'audioDı d̪ɪRiproduci l'audioDow d̪owRiproduci l'audioDar d̪aɾ
[b]	354	Riproduci l'audioBer bɛɾRiproduci l'audioQıb qʰɨbRiproduci l'audioBız bɨz
[g]	254	Riproduci l'audioGow gowRiproduci l'audioIpeg ipʰɛgRiproduci l'audioGera gɛɾa
[t̪]	42	Riproduci l'audioGışta pil gɨʃt̪a pʰilRiproduci l'audioIswat dwalmû isʷat̪ d̪͡balmuRiproduci l'audioBât taştarê bæt̪ t̪ʰaʃt̪ʰaɾe
[k]	24	Riproduci l'audioEskic ɛskid̪͡ʒRiproduci l'audioQalik qʰalɪkRiproduci l'audioTenik t̪ʰɛnɪk
[p]	16	Riproduci l'audioCips d̪͡ʒipsRiproduci l'audioWird pya wiɹd̪ pjaRiproduci l'audio‘Hep’hebek ħɛpħɛˈbɛkʰ
[ɟ]	6	Riproduci l'audioGena ɟɛnaRiproduci l'audioŞeşgen ʃɛʃɟɛnRiproduci l'audioOw yo gê cındûwo. ow jo ɟe d̪͡ʒɨnd̪uwo

Fricatives

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[s]	516	Riproduci l'audioSer sɛɾRiproduci l'audioDâs d̪æsRiproduci l'audioSel sɛl
[ʃ]	345	Riproduci l'audioŞêy ʃejRiproduci l'audioAşm aʃm̥Riproduci l'audioŞow ʃow
[z]	274	Riproduci l'audioMwiz mʷɪzRiproduci l'audioLêz lezRiproduci l'audioQaz qʰaz
[v]	156	Riproduci l'audioVay vajRiproduci l'audioVêw vewRiproduci l'audioVêw vew
[χ]	138	Riproduci l'audioQwâx qʷʰæχRiproduci l'audioMıx mɨχRiproduci l'audioXal χal
[f]	133	Riproduci l'audioFâk fækʰRiproduci l'audioKıft kʰɨft̪ʰRiproduci l'audioHâfte hæft̪ʰɪ
[ʁ]	28	Riproduci l'audioAğa aʁaRiproduci l'audioQûği qʰuʁiRiproduci l'audioĞele ʁɛlɪ
[ʒ]	11	Riproduci l'audioDije d̪ɪʒɪRiproduci l'audioBıza bêji bɨza beʒiRiproduci l'audioFistix kajû fɪst̪ʰɪχ kʰaʒu

Nasals

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[n]	1141	Riproduci l'audioGwin gʷinRiproduci l'audioNim nimRiproduci l'audioNak nakʰ
[m]	743	Riproduci l'audioCûm d̪͡ʒumRiproduci l'audioQwım qʷʰɨmRiproduci l'audioMêr meɾ
[ŋ]	69	Riproduci l'audioLing lɪŋgRiproduci l'audioSûng sʷɨ̆ŋgRiproduci l'audioMunga mũŋga
[ɲ]	40	Riproduci l'audioNyûn ɲunRiproduci l'audioNyûne ɲunɪRiproduci l'audionyûne ɲunɪ
[m̥]	4	Riproduci l'audioAşm aʃm̥Riproduci l'audioAşm aʃm̥Riproduci l'audioIna aşm ɨna aʃm̥

Rhotics, Laterals, And Glides

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[j]	1329	Riproduci l'audioŞêy ʃejRiproduci l'audioVay vajRiproduci l'audioKyê c͡çje
[ɾ]	917	Riproduci l'audioÊr eɾRiproduci l'audioMêr meɾRiproduci l'audioSer sɛɾ
[l]	647	Riproduci l'audioWel wɛlRiproduci l'audioKel c͡çɛlRiproduci l'audioXal χal
[w]	620	Riproduci l'audioWel wɛlRiproduci l'audioGow gowRiproduci l'audioŞow ʃow
[r]	225	Riproduci l'audioRy rijRiproduci l'audioRwe rwɛRiproduci l'audioRûn run
[ɹ]	142	Riproduci l'audioHard haɹd̪Riproduci l'audio‘Ârd ʡæɹd̪Riproduci l'audioKarm kʰaɹm
[ɾ̥]	15	Riproduci l'audioŞer ʃɛɾ̥Riproduci l'audioSwır sʷɨɾ̥Riproduci l'audioPir pʰiɾ̥
[ɫ]	3	Riproduci l'audioMala maɫaRiproduci l'audioSwûle sʷuɫɪRiproduci l'audioQaryolê qıcû ho ça da? qʰaɾjoɫe qʰɨd̪͡ʒu ho t̪͡ʃad̪a

Laryngeal And Pharyngeal Phones

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[h]	924	Riproduci l'audioHer hɛɾRiproduci l'audioHâlm hælmRiproduci l'audioHâle hælɪ
[ħ]	122	Riproduci l'audio‘Heş ħɛʃRiproduci l'audioNâ’hê næħeRiproduci l'audio‘hani ħani
[ʔ]	47	Riproduci l'audioEleg ʔælɛgRiproduci l'audioÂsim ʔæsimRiproduci l'audioEste ʔæst̪ʰɛ
[ʕ]	38	Riproduci l'audio‘Âm ʕæmRiproduci l'audioSâ’ât sæʕæt̪ʰRiproduci l'audio‘Umwin ʕʊmʷɪn
[ħʷ]	6	Riproduci l'audio‘Hwırmê ħʷɨɾmeRiproduci l'audioÇerdek qa’hwi t̪͡ʃɛːɹd̪ɛc͡ç qʰaħʷiRiproduci l'audioÊyi ‘hwırmê. eji ħʷɨɾme
[ʡ]	3	Riproduci l'audio‘Ârd ʡæɹd̪Riproduci l'audioÊyi ‘ârd. eji ʡæɹd̪Riproduci l'audio‘Ârd hê ça da? ʡæɹd̪ he t̪͡ʃad̪a

Other Phones

Phone	Occurrences	Examples
[ɢ]	8	Riproduci l'audio‘Gaz ken ɢaz cʰɛnRiproduci l'audio‘Gılboçik ɢɨlbot̪͡ʃɪkʰRiproduci l'audio‘Gâz qic vecena ɢæz qʰid̪͡ʒ vɛd̪͡ʒɛna
[ɭ]	3	Riproduci l'audio‘Lwâq’lê ɭʷæqʰɭeRiproduci l'audioQef’lyayo qʰɛfɭijajoRiproduci l'audioOw mwârik qef’lyayo. ow mʷæɾɪkʰ qʰɛfɭijajo
[ʎ]	3	Riproduci l'audiokarlova qʰaɹʎovaRiproduci l'audioXwezleyir χʷɛzʎɛjɪɾRiproduci l'audioma êya wilayet ra vûn qarlova ma eja wilajet̪ʰ ɾa vun qʰaɹʎova
[ʜ]	3	Riproduci l'audioBû’hik ‘hâmûmû buˈʜikʰ ˈħæmumuRiproduci l'audioBı’hûk pılxın bɨˈʜukʰ pʰɨlˈχɨnRiproduci l'audioBû’hik ‘hâmûmû ho ça da? buˈʜikʰ ˈħæmumu ho ˈt̪͡ʃad̪a

Outlier Phones With One Included Occurrence

These phones occur only once in the reviewed inventory subset. They are listed separately so that rare loanword phones, narrow allophones, and possible residual transcription issues do not visually dominate the core inventory.

Phone	Group	Example
[eː]	Vowels	Riproduci l'audioÊyi baqlê barbûnyê. eji baqʰle baɹbuɲeː
[iʲ]	Vowels	Riproduci l'audioÊyi siyêmin. eji siʲemin
[o̝]	Vowels	Riproduci l'audioOw yo yego. ow jo jɛgo̝
[u̥]	Vowels	Riproduci l'audioPrânsû? pʰɾænsu̥
[ʊ]	Vowels	Riproduci l'audio‘Umwin ʕʊmʷɪn
[d̪͡bʲ]	Labialization-Series Coarticulates	Riproduci l'audioOw yo dwyaw. ow jo d̪͡bʲaw
[b̞̆ʷ]	Secondary-Articulation Consonants	Riproduci l'audioBwım b̞̆ʷɨm
[d̪ʷ]	Secondary-Articulation Consonants	Riproduci l'audiokerawa dwız ha kûm yo resım da c͡çɛrawa d̪ʷɨz ha kʰum jo rɛsɨm d̪a
[nʲ]	Secondary-Articulation Consonants	Riproduci l'audioHûnyen hewrû ra hunʲɛn hɛwɾu ɾa
[pʲʰ]	Secondary-Articulation Consonants	Riproduci l'audioOw ho pyûnz ken wırde. ow ho pʲʰunz cʰɛn wɨɾd̪ɪ
[pʷ]	Secondary-Articulation Consonants	Riproduci l'audioPwıdrê qwıcû ha ça da? pʷɨd̪ɾe qʷɨd̪ʒu ha t̪͡ʃad̪a
[sʲ]	Secondary-Articulation Consonants	Riproduci l'audioKerga syê ˈc͡çɛɾga sʲe
[t̪ʷʰ]	Secondary-Articulation Consonants	Riproduci l'audioTâxtw ho ça da? t̪ʰæχt̪ʷʰ ho ˈt̪͡ʃad̪a
[zʲ]	Secondary-Articulation Consonants	Riproduci l'audioGwavzyer ha ça da? gwavˈzʲɛɾ ha ˈt̪͡ʃad̪a
[k̟ʰ]	Aspirated Consonants	Riproduci l'audioÊyi faslyê wişkê. eji faslʲe wɪʃk̟ʰe
[sᵊ]	Fricatives	Riproduci l'audioSupiye sᵊpʰijɪ
[r̆]	Rhotics, Laterals, And Glides	Riproduci l'audioRʐezil r̆ʐɛˈzɪl
[ʐ]	Other Phones	Riproduci l'audioRʐezil r̆ʐɛˈzɪl

Open Questions

This inventory is intentionally phonetic. Further work is needed to decide which surface phones should be analyzed as independent phonemes, allophones, loanword-specific realizations, or transcription conventions. The main open questions are the phonemic status of the labialization-series coarticulates, the extent of aspiration in the reduced t̪͡p type, and how much of the vowel variation reflects the recorded speaker’s idiolect versus broader Genç patterns.